Netherlands

Netherlands

Startup Residence Permit

🚀 Startup Capital
€1,735
per month
Sufficient means of subsistence based on social assistance norm: EUR 1,734.57/month for a single person (EUR 2,477.95/month for a couple). Can be provided by the entrepreneur, facilitator, or third-party financier.
⏱️ Duration
Maximum 1 year. Cannot be extended under the startup scheme — must transition to Self-Employed Person Residence Permit.
👪 Dependants
Yes
Spouse, registered partner, unmarried partner in a lasting relationship, and minor children under 18. Family members may work as employees or self-employed without a separate work permit.

The Netherlands Startup Residence Permit enables non-EU/EEA/Swiss entrepreneurs to reside in the country for up to one year while developing an innovative business. Applicants must partner with an approved facilitator (mentor/incubator) from the RVO's official registry of recognised facilitators, which includes organisations such as Rockstart, HighTechXL, and StartLife. The program is jointly administered by the IND and the Netherlands Enterprise Agency (RVO). After the one-year startup period, successful entrepreneurs may transition to a Self-Employed Person Residence Permit.

Requirements
  • Non-EU/EEA/Swiss national planning to start an innovative company in the Netherlands
  • Signed agreement with an RVO-approved facilitator
  • Step-by-step business plan covering organisational structure, roles, legal form, personnel plan, goals, and implementation timeline
  • Product or service must be innovative as assessed by RVO
  • Active participation in day-to-day operations of the company (holding shares or providing financing alone is not sufficient)
  • Sufficient means of subsistence: EUR 1,734.57/month for single persons, EUR 2,477.95/month for couples (2026 amounts, updated semi-annually)
  • Registration in the Chamber of Commerce Trade Register (KVK)
  • No specific educational or professional qualifications required
Required Documents
  • Completed application form (9541 for online/facilitator or 7558 for written/applicant)
  • Valid passport with at least 6 months remaining validity
  • Passport-sized colour photograph (white background)
  • Signed agreement with approved facilitator
  • Step-by-step business plan
  • Proof of sufficient means of subsistence (Dutch bank statement or facilitator financing confirmation)
  • Proof of registration in the Chamber of Commerce Trade Register (KVK)
  • Signed antecedent declaration confirming no criminal convictions
  • All foreign documents must be legalised and translated into Dutch, English, French, or German
Duration & Renewal

The startup permit is valid for a maximum of 1 year and cannot be renewed or extended. After the one-year period, entrepreneurs must apply for a Self-Employed Person Residence Permit by submitting a facilitator declaration confirming at least 3 months of successful guidance, along with a new application to the IND. Entrepreneurs who are not ready to transition must leave the Netherlands or obtain a different residence permit.

Family Members

Spouse, registered partner, unmarried partner in a lasting relationship, and minor children under 18 may apply for dependent residence permits simultaneously with the main application. Family members are authorised to work as employees or on a self-employed basis without requiring a separate work permit. The household income requirement increases to the couple norm (EUR 2,477.95/month) when including a partner or children. Written authorisation from the other parent is required when bringing children. Adult children (18+) must apply for their own independent residence permit.

Tax Implications

Holders become Dutch tax residents and are liable for income tax on worldwide income, social security contributions, and applicable VAT. The Netherlands has an extensive tax treaty network. Entrepreneurs may be eligible for the 30% ruling if they meet the criteria for highly skilled migrants upon transitioning to a subsequent permit. Corporate tax on any Dutch company is assessed at standard rates.

Application Process
  1. Secure an agreement with an approved facilitator from the RVO's official registry of recognised facilitators
  2. Submit application online (by the facilitator using form 9541), by post (by the applicant using form 7558), or from abroad at a Dutch embassy or consulate through the combined MVV and residence permit procedure
  3. The IND assesses the application in consultation with RVO, which evaluates innovativeness, business plan quality, and facilitator suitability
  4. Decision must be issued within 90 days, though this may be extended if additional information is required
  5. Application fee: EUR 423
  6. Upon approval, applicants abroad receive an MVV entry visa valid for 90 days to enter the Netherlands
  7. After arrival, register with the municipality and collect the residence permit at an IND desk
  8. Arrange Dutch basic health insurance within 4 months of registration
  9. Complete a tuberculosis test at the GGD within 3 months of receiving the permit (exemptions apply for certain nationalities)
Business Requirements

The facilitator cannot hold a majority interest in the startup and cannot be a family member up to the third degree of the entrepreneur. The facilitator must be financially healthy and not in receivership or bankruptcy. Both the entrepreneur and facilitator must be registered in the KVK. Only one startup permit can be granted per innovative product or service, though multiple entrepreneurs may work on the same startup.

Path to Further Residence

After the one-year startup period, holders may transition to a Self-Employed Person Residence Permit (maximum 2-year validity, renewable) by providing a facilitator declaration confirming at least 3 months of successful guidance. After 5 years of continuous lawful residence, holders may apply for permanent residency. Nationals of the US and Japan may alternatively explore the Dutch-American Friendship Treaty (DAFT) or Japanese Trade Treaty for self-employment with different requirements.

Links

Other Digital Nomad Visas in Europe

Country
Program
Income
Investment
Funds Required
Capital Required
Duration
Dependants

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🇦🇱 Albania

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🇦🇩 Andorra

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🇦🇩 Andorra

Entrepreneur Residence Permit

1 year

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🇦🇩 Andorra

Residence for Scientific, Cultural and Sporting Interest

$64,602 / year

2 years — 10 years

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🇦🇩 Andorra

Residence Without Lucrative Activity

$1,176,471

2 years — 10 years

Yes

🇦🇹 Austria

Job Seeker Visa (Red-White-Red Card)

Must prove sufficient fun...

6 months

No

🇦🇹 Austria

Red-White-Red Card for Start-up Founders

$35,294

2 years — Permanent

Yes

🇦🇹 Austria

Settlement Permit — Artist

$18,480 / year

1 year — Permanent

Yes

🇦🇹 Austria

Settlement Permit Excluding Gainful Employment

$36,946 / year

1 year — Permanent

Yes

🇧🇾 Belarus

Hi-Tech Park Resident

No minimum capital invest...

1 year

Yes

🇧🇾 Belarus

Investor Permanent Residence Permit

$202,000

Permanent

Yes

🇧🇪 Belgium

Professional Card for Entrepreneur

$26,868

1 year — 5 years

Yes

🇧🇪 Belgium

Rentier Residence Permit

$18,551 / year

1 year

Yes

🇧🇬 Bulgaria

Continuous Residence Permit for Pensioners

$8,753 / year

1 year

Yes

🇧🇬 Bulgaria

Digital Nomad Residence Permit

$36,482 / year

1 year — 2 years

Yes

🇧🇬 Bulgaria

Investor Residence Permit

$602,353

1 year — Permanent

Yes

🇧🇬 Bulgaria

Startup Visa

$2,188

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇭🇷 Croatia

Temporary Stay for Other Purposes (Property Ownership)

$11,167 / year

1 year

Yes

🇭🇷 Croatia

Temporary Stay of Digital Nomads

$46,518 / year

1 month — 18 months

Yes

🇨🇾 Cyprus

Category D Immigration Permit

Permanent

Yes

🇨🇾 Cyprus

Category F Immigration Permit

$11,266 / year

Permanent

Yes

🇨🇾 Cyprus

Digital Nomad Visa

$49,412 / year

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇨🇾 Cyprus

Permanent Residence Permit for Investors

$352,941

Permanent

Yes

🇨🇾 Cyprus

Startup Visa

$23,529

3 years — 5 years

Yes

🇨🇿 Czech Republic

Digital Nomad Program

CZK 69,248 / month

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇨🇿 Czech Republic

Long-Term Residence Permit for the Purpose of Investment

CZK 75,000,000 one-time

2 years

Yes

🇪🇪 Estonia

Digital Nomad Visa

$63,529 / year

90 days — 1 year

Yes

🇪🇪 Estonia

Residence Permit for Major Investor

$1,176,471

5 years — 10 years

Yes

🇪🇪 Estonia

Startup Visa

1 year — 5 years

Yes

🇫🇮 Finland

Residence Permit for Work in Culture or Arts

$20,654 / year

1 year — 4 years

Yes

🇫🇮 Finland

Startup Residence Permit

2 years — 4 years

Yes

🇫🇷 France

Carte de Sejour Temporaire Visiteur

$20,373 / year

1 year

Yes

🇫🇷 France

Talent Porteur de Projet — Business Creation

$35,294

4 years

Yes

🇫🇷 France

Talent Porteur de Projet — Direct Economic Investment

$352,941

4 years

Yes

🇫🇷 France

Talent Porteur de Projet — Innovative Economic Project (French Tech Visa)

No minimum investment req...

4 years

Yes

🇫🇷 France

Talent — Artistic and Cultural Profession

$18,015 / year

4 years

Yes

🇫🇷 France

Talent — International Reputation

4 years

Yes

🇩🇪 Germany

Opportunity Card (Chancenkarte)

Must prove sufficient fun...

1 year

No

🇩🇪 Germany

Freelance Residence Permit

No fixed statutory minimu...

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇩🇪 Germany

Residence Permit for Financially Independent Persons

No fixed statutory minimu...

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇩🇪 Germany

Self-Employment Residence Permit for Business Founders

No fixed statutory minimu...

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇩🇪 Germany

Settlement Permit for Highly Qualified Professionals

Permanent

Yes

🇬🇷 Greece

Digital Nomad Visa

$49,412 / year

1 year — 2 years

Yes

🇬🇷 Greece

Golden Visa (Permanent Residence Permit for Investor)

$470,588

5 years — Permanent

Yes

🇬🇷 Greece

Residence Permit for Financially Independent Persons

$49,412 / year

3 years — Permanent

Yes

🇬🇷 Greece

Talent Visa

1 year

Yes

🇬🇬 Guernsey

Guernsey Entrepreneur Visa

$273,973

2 years — 5 years

Yes

🇬🇬 Guernsey

Guernsey Investor Visa

$1,369,863

2 years — 5 years

Yes

🇭🇺 Hungary

Guest Investor Residence Permit

$294,118

10 years

Yes

🇭🇺 Hungary

Guest Self-Employment Residence Permit

No fixed capital requirem...

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇭🇺 Hungary

White Card

$42,353 / year

1 year — 2 years

No

🇮🇸 Iceland

Long-Term Visa for Remote Work

ISK 1,000,000 / month

90 days — 180 days

Yes

🇮🇪 Ireland

Stamp 0 (Person of Independent Means)

$58,824 / year

1 year

No

🇮🇪 Ireland

Start-Up Entrepreneur Programme (STEP)

$58,824

2 years — 5 years

Yes

🇮🇲 Isle of Man

Innovator Visa

$68,493

3 years — Permanent

Yes

🇮🇲 Isle of Man

Start-Up Visa

$1,295

2 years

Yes

🇮🇹 Italy

Digital Nomad Visa

$29,164 / year

1 year

Yes

🇮🇹 Italy

Elective Residence Visa

$36,471 / year

1 year — 2 years

Yes

🇮🇹 Italy

Investor Visa for Italy

$294,118

2 years — 3 years

Yes

🇮🇹 Italy

Italia Startup Visa

$58,824

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇯🇪 Jersey

High Value Residency Programme

$4,794,521

Permanent

Yes

🇽🇰 Kosovo

Self-Employment Work Permit

No fixed minimum capital....

1 year — 5 years

Yes

🇱🇻 Latvia

Investor Residence Permit

$58,824

5 years

Yes

🇱🇻 Latvia

Long-Stay Visa for Remote Work

$59,478 / year

1 year — 2 years

No

🇱🇻 Latvia

Startup Visa

$3,294

3 years

Yes

🇱🇻 Latvia

Temporary Residence Permit for Pensioners

$15,544 / year

5 years

Yes

🇱🇮 Liechtenstein

Residence Permit Without Gainful Employment

CHF 100,000 / year

1 year

Yes

🇱🇹 Lithuania

Startup Visa

$1,176

1 year — 2 years

Yes

🇱🇺 Luxembourg

Investor Residence Permit

$588,235

3 years

Yes

🇱🇺 Luxembourg

Job Seeker Authorisation

Must prove sufficient res...

9 months

No

🇱🇺 Luxembourg

Residence Permit for Private Reasons

$38,174 / year

3 years

Yes

🇱🇺 Luxembourg

Self-Employed Worker Residence Permit

No fixed minimum — adequa...

3 years — 5 years

Yes

🇲🇹 Malta

Global Residence Programme

$17,647 / year

1 year — Permanent

Yes

🇲🇹 Malta

Malta Permanent Residence Programme

$80,000

Permanent

Yes

🇲🇹 Malta

Malta Retirement Programme

$8,824 / year

1 year — Permanent

Yes

🇲🇹 Malta

Nomad Residence Permit

$49,412 / year

1 year — 4 years

Yes

🇲🇹 Malta

Startup Residence Programme

$29,412

3 years — 8 years

Yes

🇲🇹 Malta

The Residence Programme

$17,647 / year

1 year — Permanent

Yes

🇲🇹 Malta

United Nations Pensions Programme

$11,765 / year

1 year — Permanent

Yes

🇲🇩 Moldova

Digital Nomad Visa

$35,788 / year

2 years

Yes

🇲🇩 Moldova

Investment Residence Permit

$31,765

2 years — 8 years

Yes

🇲🇨 Monaco

Residence Permit for Persons Without Professional Activity

No fixed minimum. Applica...

1 year — Permanent

Yes

🇲🇪 Montenegro

Digital Nomad Residence Permit

$28,376 / year

2 years — 4 years

Yes

🇲🇪 Montenegro

Temporary Residence and Work Permit for Entrepreneurs

No minimum capital requir...

1 year

Yes

🇲🇪 Montenegro

Temporary Residence Permit for Property Owners

$176,471

1 year

Yes

🇳🇱 Netherlands

Orientation Year Residence Permit

1 year

Yes

🇳🇱 Netherlands

Startup Residence Permit

$24,494 / month

1 year

Yes

🇲🇰 North Macedonia

Personal Work Permit for Self-Employment

No fixed minimum; must de...

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇳🇴 Norway

Self-Employment Residence Permit

No fixed capital requirem...

1 year

Yes

🇵🇹 Portugal

D7 Passive Income Visa

$12,988 / year

2 years — Permanent

Yes

🇵🇹 Portugal

D8 Digital Nomad Visa

$51,953 / year

1 year

Yes

🇵🇹 Portugal

Golden Visa

$588,235

2 years — Permanent

Yes

🇵🇹 Portugal

Job Seeker Visa

$10,729 / month

120 days — 180 days

No

🇵🇹 Portugal

Residence Permit for Highly Qualified Activity

$22,744 / year

2 years — Permanent

Yes

🇵🇹 Portugal

StartUP Visa

$7,584

2 years — Permanent

Yes

🇷🇴 Romania

Digital Nomad Visa

$79,765 / year

6 months — 1 year

No

🇷🇴 Romania

Long-Stay Visa for Commercial Activities

$117,647

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇷🇺 Russia

Impatriation Residence Permit

3 years — Permanent

Yes

🇷🇺 Russia

Investor Residence Permit

RUB 15,000,000 one-time

Permanent

Yes

🇸🇲 San Marino

Atypical Residence for Pensioners

$141,176 / year

10 years — Permanent

Yes

🇸🇲 San Marino

Elective Residence

$588,235

10 years — Permanent

Yes

🇸🇲 San Marino

High-Tech Startup Residence

$1

1 year — Permanent

Yes

🇷🇸 Serbia

Investor Temporary Residence Permit

$58,824

6 months — 3 years

Yes

🇷🇸 Serbia

Property Ownership Temporary Residence Permit

Ownership of residential ...

3 years

Yes

🇷🇸 Serbia

Startup Temporary Residence Permit

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇷🇸 Serbia

Talent Temporary Residence Permit

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇸🇰 Slovakia

Temporary Residence for Business Purpose

$33,427

3 years

Yes

🇸🇮 Slovenia

Temporary Residence Permit for Digital Nomads

$45,487 / year

1 year

Yes

🇸🇮 Slovenia

Temporary Residence Permit for Other Justified Reasons

$6,974 / year

1 year

Yes

🇪🇸 Spain

Entrepreneur Visa

No fixed capital requirem...

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇪🇸 Spain

International Telework Visa

$33,431 / year

1 year — 3 years

Yes

🇪🇸 Spain

Non-Lucrative Residence Visa

$33,882 / year

1 year — 2 years

Yes

🇸🇪 Sweden

Residence Permit for Job Seeking

Must prove sufficient fun...

9 months — 1 year

Yes

🇸🇪 Sweden

Residence Permit for Highly Qualified Persons

9 months

No

🇸🇪 Sweden

Self-Employment Residence Permit

SEK 200,000 one-time

1 year — 2 years

Yes

🇨🇭 Switzerland

Residence Permit Without Gainful Employment

CHF 25,200 / year

1 year — 5 years

Yes

🇺🇦 Ukraine

Immigration Permit for Highly Qualified IT Specialists

Permanent

Yes

🇺🇦 Ukraine

Immigration Permit for Investors

$100,000

Permanent

Yes

🇺🇦 Ukraine

Temporary Residence Permit for Investors

$117,647

2 years

No

🇬🇧 United Kingdom

Global Talent Visa

1 year — 5 years

Yes

🇬🇧 United Kingdom

High Potential Individual Visa

2 years — 3 years

Yes

🇬🇧 United Kingdom

Innovator Founder Visa

No minimum investment req...

3 years — Permanent

Yes